Humankind's earliest utilisation of cannabis was most likely in eating the seeds of the plant. Hemp seeds are one of the most nutritious grains on Earth, rich in high quality protein, very low in saturated fats and containing all of the essential fatty acids required by human beings.
Weight for weight, thanks to their nutritious oil and high levels of protein, seeds are an even more valuable product of industrial cultivation than fibre.
Once harvested, hemp seeds are cleaned and can then be processed in a number of ways. Whole hemp seeds may be hulled, where the seed-casing is separated from the oil-rich kernel.
Both the shells and the hulled hemp seeds can be used to make a wide variety of nutritional products. The shells can be used for animal feed, and as dietary fibre supplement for humans.
The hulled kernels are used to make highly nutritious foods, including non-dairy milk and cheese, breads, dips, spreads or as an ingredient in countless recipes and baked goods. Hempseed kernels are also a healthy, non-allergenic alternative to nuts, as they can be eaten raw or made into hemp-nut butter.
Whole hemp seeds can be used for food in the same ways as hulled seeds and offer the added benefit of fibre. Whole seeds are sometimes roasted as a snack and can even be made into a coffee substitute.
Hempseed produced for human consumption typically contains around 25% protein, 34% carbohydrates and 31% fat (mostly in the form of hempseed oil), as well as high levels of dietary fibre and an assortment of beneficial vitamins and minerals.
